geneticengineering-genetic engineering

engineering的读音：英?[?end?nr]美?[?end?n?r] 。

n. 工程，工程学；控制，引导，管理；筹划，出谋划策

v. 设计，建造；策划，精心安排（engineer 的现在分词形式）

短语

reverse engineering?[计]?逆向工程 ; 反向工程 ; 反求工程

mechanical engineering?[机]?机械工程 ;?[机]?机械工程学 ; 机械工程专业 ; 机械工程系

social engineering?社会工程学 ;?[社科]?社会工程 ; 社交工程 ; 社交工程陷阱

Electronic Engineering?[电子]?电子工程 ; 电子工程专业 ; 电气工程

genetic engineering?[遗]?基因工程 ;?[遗]?遗传工程 ; 遗传工程学 ; 基因工程学

同根词

词根：?engine

n.

engineer?工程师；工兵；火车司机

engine?引擎，发动机；机车，火车头；工具

vi.

engineer?设计；建造

vt.

engineer?设计；策划；精明地处理

He?has not?studied?mechanics?or?engineering.?

他没有学习过力学或者工程学。

谁帮我写篇七八十字左右的英文介绍下生物技术专业

不算，生物学专业属于基础学科，没有多少需要保密的东西。

生物科学专业包括了生物科学和生物技术两个专业方向，这些专业学科主要培养学生学习生物科学技术方面的基本理论、基本知识，学生将受到应用基础研究和技术开发方面的科学思维和科学实验训练，进而具有较好的科学素养及初步的教学、研究、开发与管理的基本能力。其核心课程主要包括了动物生物学、植物生物学、微生物学、生物化学、遗传学、细胞生物学、分子生物学、普通生态学等学科；必修课程则包括无机及分析化学、有机化学、大学数学、大学物理学、生物统计学、发育生物学、生物技术概论、进化生物学等。生物科学专业研究对象由生物科学家根据生物的发展历史、形态结构特征、营养方式以及它们在生态系统中的作用等，将生物分为若干界。当前比较通行的是美国R.H.惠特克于1969年提出的5界系统。他将细菌、蓝菌等原核生物划为原核生物界，将单细胞的真核生物划为原生生物界，将多细胞的真核生物按营养方式划分为营光合自养的植物界、营吸收异养的真菌界和营吞食异养的动物界。中国生物科学家陈世骧于1979年提出6界系统。这个系统由非细胞总界、原核总界和真核总界3个总界组成，代表生物进化的3个阶段。非细胞总界中只有1界，即病毒界。原核总界分为细菌界和蓝菌界。真核总界包括植物界、真菌界和动物界，它们代表真核生物进化的3条主要路线。

大学英语听说教程3答案

Biotechnology is the development of modern biology and its related disciplines and cross-product integration, its core is based on recombinant DNA technology, genetic engineering centers, including microbial engineering, biochemical engineering, cell engineering and bio-products and other fields.

谁知道 考研英语翻译解题步骤详解

全新版大学英语听说教程答案第三册(2009-05-12 09:28:48)标签：杂谈 分类：听说教程答案

Part B

Text 1

Exercise 1: 1. c 2. a 3.b

Exercise 2:

1. She suggested that her husband spend more time with his mother. She said to her husband, "Life is too short, but you need to spend time with the people you love. You probably won't believe me, but I know you love her and I think that if the two of you spend more time together , it will make us closer."

2. 1) ...she was waiting by the door with her coat on and she had her hair curled. 2) She had told her lady friends about this.

Text 2

Exercise 1: 1. c 2. d 3. d

Exercise 2: 1. F 2. T 3. F 4. T 5. F

Part C

1. b 2. c 3. b 4. d 5. d

Unit 2

Part B

Text 1

Exercise 1: 1. b 2. a 3. d 4. c

Exercise 2:

1984 / son / medical school / tuition / afford it / realize / newspaper ads / extra business / advertisement / succeeded / agent / changed / phone call / put aside / doing / immediately / familiar / father-in-law's / visited / his father-in-law alive / coincidence.

Text 2

Exercise 1: 1. T 2. F 3. F 4. F 5. F

Exercise 2:

1. He was intrigued.

2. A bank statement.

3. his father-in-law had put an amount of money in the bank for his grandchildren's education.

4. A little over $15,000.

5. He could use the money to cover the tuition of his first year at a medical college.

6. He is a doctor in Illinois.

Part C

1. F 2. T 3. F 4. F 5. T 6. T 7. F 8. T

Unit 3

Part B

Text 1

Exercise 1: 1. b 2. c 3.a

Exercise 2:

1. Because she wanted to understand each other's expectations so that potential problems could be avoided and they could live happily together.

2. Cleaning up. Everything must be cleaned up and put away before going to bed.

3. Sleeping. Time for bed: 11pm; time to get up: 6:30am except on weekends.

Text 2

Exercise 1: 1. F 2.F 3.T 4.T

Exercise 2:

1. One rule says that if they get lost for more than five minutes when they are driving, they must stop and ask for directions.

2. Once Tom and Linda got lost when they were driving to a friend's wedding.

3. Linda wanted to stop at a gas station to ask the way, but Tom thought he could figure it out.

4. As a result, they were late for the wedding because they went in the wrong direction for forty miles.

Part C

1. ...not so special/not extremes

2. a. ...get angry quickly b. ...change themselves...

Unit 4

Part B

Text 1

Exercise 1: 1. d 2. c 3.a

Exercise 2:

Sam has been a police officer for 30 years. He has done everything from patrol to undercover work. He has also done detective work and now he is supervising investigations.

Sam thinks being a police officer is a very stressful job, but it depends on the assignment one has. In his opinion the biggest pert of the stress is the fear of the unknown and patrol is the most stressful assignment.

Text 2

Exercise 1: 1. T 2. F 3. T 4. F 5. T

Exercise 2:

1. ... One is an exercise program, another is a psychological program with counseling for officers. And there are several discussion groups as well for officers to sit down and talk about their stress with other officers.

2. 2)...He tries to get some sort of exercise every day. 3)...his personal relationships, especially his relationships with his wife.

Part C

1. d 2. d 3. d 4. b 5. c

Unit 5

Part B

Text 1

Exercise 1: 1. D 2. D

Exercise 2: 1. F 2.T 3.F 4.T 5.T 6.F 7.T 8.F 9.F 10.T

Text 2

Exercise 1:

1. Reaching Everybody by Exposing Lies

2. They launched an advertising campaign to call on youth to fight against tobacco companies by starting the "Not fro Sale" commercial on television and radio.

3. They intend to spread the message that teenagers no longer want to be targeted by tobacco companies in their advertisements.

Exercise 2: 1. c 2.a 3.c 4.c 5.b

Part C

Skatescooter

· Mostly made in Switzerland

· In 1999

· Not until it was popular in Japan

· For sport; for transportation from home to the underground or from a bus stop to the office

· a variety of people, from students to business executives

· Can be folded up without difficulty and is easy to carry about

Unit 6

Part B

Text 1

Exercise 1: 1. D 2. C

Exercise 2:

Leaves are Nature's food factories. Plants take water from the ground through their roots and carbon dioxide from the air. Then leaves turn water and carbon dioxide into sugar in the presence of sunlight and chlorophyll. This process is called photosynthesis. Leaves are mostly green because chlorophyll is green. As a matter of fact, there are, in leaves, small amounts of yellow and orange all along, but they are covered up by the green chlorophyll in summer. They show up in fall as chlorophyll disappears from the leaves, due to the decline of photosynthesis. The bright reds and purples we see in leaves of trees like maples are made mostly in fall. The brown color of trees like oaks is made from wastes left in the leaves.

Text 2

Exercise 1: 1. C 2. B

Exercise 2:

1. They are leaf pigments, length of night, and weather.

2. It is the steadily increasing length of night.

3. They change their colors at the same time no matter whether they are on a high mountain or in warm lowlands because the timing of color change seems to be genetically inherited.

4. It is because their needle-like or scale-like foliage is covered with a heavy wax coating and the liquid inside their cells contains cold-resistant elements.

5. In the Arctic because the winter there is too cold.

Part C

Exercise: 1. T 2.F 3.T 4.T 5.F 6.F 7.T 8.T

Unit 7

Part B

Text 1

Exercise 1: 1. B 2. C

Exercise 2: 1. F 2. T 3. F 4. F 5. T 6. T 7. F

Text 2

Exercise 1: 1. D 2. B

Exercise 2:

1. Because she was afraid Krimali might not be able to catch her.

2. Because she thought the bed sheets could somehow protect the baby from being hurt if she failed to catch her.

3. Because they were afraid of the swaying ceiling.

4. to make it easier and safer for people to get down.

5. About two dozen were saved.

Part C

Exercise: 1. A 2.B 3.B 4.B 5.A

Unit 8

Part B

Text 1

Exercise 1: 1. B 2. A 3. D

Exercise 2: 1. T 2. F 3. T 4. F 5. F

Text 2

Exercise 1: 1. D 2. D

Exercise 2:

A

...a positive factor...

...no serious issues...

...not a significant factor.

...not affected their lives.

...at least a small disadvantage and a minor source of frustration in their lives.

B

Basic skills like learning to write, learning to use scissors and other hand tools and utensils, and learning various crafts and other activities

Instructors and instructions ...

Part C

at 12 weeks both hands

by 24 weeks both hands

by 36 weeks left hand

between 40 and 44 weeks right hand

at 48 weeks left hand

between 52 and 56 weeks right hand

at 80 weeks both hands

at the age of two right hand

between two and a half and three years both hands

by the age of eight ...

Unit 9

Part B

Text 1

Exercise 1:

1. In Mr. Andrew Song's office

2. Boss and secretary.

3. For an appointment with Mr. Andrew Song.

Exercise 2: 1. T 2. F 3. F 4. F 5. F 6. T 7. T 8. F

Text 2

Exercise 1: 1. b 2. c

Exercise 2:

Purpose of meeting: to discuss the causes for the decline in profits

Time: 10:00 am

Chair: Bernard

Speaker: Sam Canning

Position: Chief Sales Executive

The main points of his talk:

1. Sales are down but not by too much

2. The budget for sales hasn't increased even with inflation

3. The products are old.

Part C

technical feature: ...--almost the same

Price: ...10 to 15% more expensive than B products

Market share: A--smaller but growing / B--larger at present

Fame: A products are less well known than B products

Prospect: A-- has more potential to survive future commercial pressures as it has a technical lead in research, good design and good marketing strategy.

B-- will probably be unable to keep its present status

Decision reached: To invest in A

Unit

Part B

Text 1

Exercise 1: 1. B 2. C 3. C

Exercise 2: 1. B 2. B 3. ACEFHIJ

Text 2

Exercise 1: 1. D 2. B

Exercise 2:

1. F 2. F 3. T 4. F 5. T 6. T 7. F 8. T

Part C

1. employment agency

2. job-matching

3. broke down

4. essential

5. frustrated

6. There on the terminal screens appeared a single sentence typed in by an annoyed counselor.

7. Before the laughter in the office could die down the computers blinked and sent back into action.

8. It seemed that the power of the Middle East extended far beyond the oil fields.

Unit 11

Part B

Text 1

Exercise 1: 1. C 2. D

Exercise 2:

1. popcorn

2. successful

3. $20 million

4. soft drinks

5. ice cream

6. three

7. four

8. box office

9. half the money

10. 69%

11. 89%

12. a little over 3p

13. $4

14. $3.95

15. 100% more

Text 2

Exercise 1: 1. B 2. C 3. D

Exercise 2:

1. falling from

2. swimming

3. driving

4. setting fire

5. fights

6. from 50 meters

7. 35 meters/exploring helicopter/train/tunnel

Part C

1. dialogue 1

1.c 2. b

2. dialogue 2

1. d 2.d

3. dialogue 3

D

Unit 12

Part B

Text 1

Exercise 1: 1. B 2. B 3. D

Exercise 2:

1. midnight/31,2001/new notes (new currency)

2. 300 million/ changing their old currencies/15 million/ 52 million/ 646 million/ 568 million

3. greater Europe/ stronger, wealthier

4. championed/ peace and secruity

Text 2

Exercise 1: 1. d 2. c 3. c

Exercise 2:

1. when economic conditions are right

2. the polls showed that many Britons oppose the euro and see it as harming Britain's sovereignty.

3. because as very small retail outlets they don't have the facilities for changing currencies.

4. 6.55 billion euros

Part C

PAY TO THE ORDER OF Cash $ 150

One Hundred and Fifty ---- EUROS ONLY

Unit 13

Part B

Text 1

Exercise 1: 1. C 2. B

Exercise 2:

In the 20th century there were two main theories on the origin of the universe. One is the steady state theory, and the other, the big bang theory. According to the former, the universe has always existed and will exist forever. If this view were correct, the universe should have looked the same millions of years ago as it looks now. but astronomers have found that the old universe did not look the same as it does now. therefore, the steady state theory does not seem to be correct.

The big bang theory states that the universe began in a massive explosion at a single point in space about 15 million years ago. If the statement were right, there should exist in the universe the cosmic background radiation from the explosion. Researchers have found evidence for its existence. In the 1960s, while studying radio signals from the Milky Way. researchers at Bell Labs found their work experiencing interference from every direction. They discovered that the interference turned out to be the cosmic background radiation . So the big bang theory appears to be the correct.

Text 2

Exercise 1:

1. expanding

2. gravity/ initial explosion/ in motion

3. density/ matter/ universe

Exercise 2:

1. c 2. b 3. d 4. d 5. c

Part C

1. Space telescope/ astronomers/ 13

2. eight million light-years

3. universe / young

4. 81/ in detail/ 13/ fragments

5. orbits/ disturbed/ gravitational pull

6. less/ a billion/ short

7. big massive/ smaller ones

Unit 14

Part B

Text 1

Exercise 1:

1. The advantages and disadvantages of genetic engineering.

2. genetically engineered foods may be dangerous to eat.

3. Carry out enough tests to ensure that genetically engineered foods are safe to eat.

Exercise 2: 1. a 2. c 3. d 4. c 5. c

Text 2

Exercise 1: 1. F 2. F 3. T 4. F 5. F

Exercise 2:

1. genetic/ produce/ rot/ less

2. process/ genes/ laboratory/ disastrous

3. negative/ genetic screening/ predict/ have

4. meaningless/ cure/ disease

5. hereditary disease/ carefully (twice)/ children

6. eugenics/ new/ harmful/ criminality

7. /

8. hair/ job/ hair/ medical/ refuse/ disease/ long

9. absurd

Part C

1. Fields of God.

2. On June 8 or 9.

3. A mystery illness threatening the world.

4. Genetically modified wheat.

5. impossible.

6. he had changed his stand (tune).

7. Anti-GM hysteria.

Unit 15

Part B

Text 1

Exercise 1: 1. c 2. a 3. c

Exercise 2:

disadvantages:

1. equal pay

2. small/ top executives

3. higher/ family/ jobs

advantages:

1. middle management

2. part time jobs

3.

a. six/ pay

b. pension/ three or more

c. quality/ education

d. legal/ state

appearance:

elegantly/ soft/ stylish/ silk/ nails/ makeup/ jewelry

capability:

negotiating/ much/ male

Text 2

Exercise 1: 1. D 2. B

Exercise 2: 1. F 2. F 3. F 4. F 5. F 6. T 7. T

Part C

1.b 2.c 3.d 4.a 5.a

Unit 16

Part B

Text 1

Exercise 1: 1. a 2. c

Exercise 2: 1. T 2. F 3. F 4. F 5. T 6. F 7. T 8. F

Text 2

Exercise 1: 1. A 2. B

Exercise 2:

1. The fuse went and the house was in total darkness. She realized she could no longer depend on Jim to fix things for her.

2. Because everybody else looked so young.

3. An old woman was also signing up for a class there to learn something new.

4. He did not seem to be happy.

5. Helen was totally changed and looked fantastic.

Part C

dialogue I

1. d 2. b 3. c

dialogue II

1. a 2. d

基因图是什么意思

考研英语翻译题是有一定难度，但是希望大家不要放弃，英汉词句组成和排列的顺序千差万别，因此英译汉时作些调整，颠倒一下顺序，则是一种极为常见的翻译答题技巧，这种技巧共分五种类型，下面，新东方在线详细为大家解读。1、复合句翻译技巧复合句翻译可分为部分翻译和完全翻译两种技巧。Thisuniversityhasnewlyestablishedfaculties,namelyElectronicComputer,HighEnergyPhysics,Laser,Geo-physics,RemoteSensing,andGeneticEngineering.这所大学现在有电子计算机、高能物理、激光、地球、物理、遥感技术、遗传工程等六个新建的专业。(部分翻译)Manylawsofnatureactuallyexistinnaturethoughtheyhavenotyetbeendiscovered.虽然许多自然规律还没被发现，但是它们确实在自然界中存在。(完全翻译)2、被动句翻译的技巧被动句翻译时，有时可将被动句翻译成主动句，有时可将状语翻译成主语。Thestructureofanatomcanbeaccuratelydescribedthoughwecannotseeit.虽然我们看不见原子结构，但能准确地描述它。(被动句翻译成主动句)TabletennisisplayedalloverChina.中国到处都打乒乓球。(状语翻译成主语)3、以否定型副词或条件副词开头的句子的部分翻译技巧能引起这种翻译的副词有no,never,hardly,nolonger,innoway,notuntil,noteven,only等。NeverbeforehaveIreadsuchaninterestingbook.我从来没有读过这样有趣的书。4、带有介词短语句子的部分翻译技巧Thesedatawillbeofsomevalueinourresearchwork.这些资料对于我们的研究工作有些价值。5、习语的翻译技巧习语的翻译可分为按照汉语的固定顺序翻译和从轻重上加以区分进行翻译以及逆时间顺序进行翻译三种技巧。Foritslast600milestheYellowRiverflowseastwardsthroughtheflat,fertile,NorthChinaPlain,whichisdenselypopulated.黄河最后的六百英里，向东流过平坦肥沃、人口密集的华北平原。(按照汉语的固定顺序翻译)Healthewounded,rescuethedying,practicerevolutionaryhumanitarianism.救扶伤，实行革命的人道主义。(以轻重上区分进行翻译)Wehavetobequickofeyeanddeftofhand.我们必须眼疾手快。(逆时间顺序翻译)

基因图就是将你的基因结构用画出来

人类基因图谱的完成，是医学上一场革命的开始，但这场革命的成功将需要更长的时间。中国科学家承担了这个工程1％的工作量。 人类基因图谱的绘制完成，给即将广泛推行的全新基因医疗手段打下了坚实的基础，它使人类向真正的“个性化医疗”时代又迈进一步。今后，遗传疾病或是疑难杂症，只要根据患者个人的基因图谱“逮住”其中出了问题的基因，用最直接的办法使基因恢复正常状态，人体就会作出相应调整，从而治愈疾病。人类大约有3万个基因，比科研人员原本预料的少了许多。通过了解人类基因的遗传成分，科研人员就可为个人量身制作预防性疗法并且制造各种新药物，父母也可以检查腹中胎儿是否有遗传缺陷。而有朝一日，像糖尿病、癌症、早老性痴呆症、精神病等过去无法根治的病症，也能根治了。

不过，复杂而多变的人类基因图谱，是不可能被一眼看透。或是迅速被解读的。因此，人类基因图谱面世后，世界各地的科学家都竞相钻研由一对等位基因所传递的遗传信息，以决定基因的独特特征，看看谁能最先掌握基因的功能和秘密，以尽早研制新药物。

基因工程

又称基因拼接技术和DNA重组技术，是以分子遗传学为理论基础， 以分子生物学和微生物学的现代方法为手段， 将不同来源的基因(DNA分子)，按预先设计的蓝图， 在体外构建DNA分子， 然后导入活细胞， 以改变生物原有的遗传特性、获得新品种、 生产新产品。基因工程技术为基因的结构和功能的研究提供了有力的手段。